Zusammenfassung
Zerebrovaskuläre Erkrankungen sind in Industrieländern die dritthäufigste Todesursache
und Hauptgrund körperlicher Behinderung. Nur durch eine effektive Schlaganfallprävention
lassen sich entscheidende Schritte zur Verbesserung dieser Situation erreichen. Sport
und körperliche Aktivität können hierzu durch die Beeinflussung modifizierbarer Risikofaktoren
(arterielle Hypertonie, Diabetes mellitus, Dyslipidämie, Adipositas) einen wichtigen
Beitrag leisten. Auch nach einem zerebralen Insult kann dem Sport in der Sekundärprophylaxe
eine wichtige Aufgabe zukommen. Darüber hinaus kann er therapeutisch zur Behandlung
von körperlicher Behinderung, Steigerung der Fitness und zur gesellschaftlichen Reintegration
und Stärkung des Selbstwertgefühls beitragen. Demgegenüber ist das Risiko, durch Sport
eine Hirninfarkt oder -blutung zu erleiden, sehr gering. Häufigste Ursachen dürften
Dissektionen durch Traumata der Halswirbelsäule sowie intrazerebrale oder subarachnoidale
Blutungen durch plötzliche Blutdruckanstiege sein.
Cerebrovascular Disease and Sports
Stroke is the third leading cause of death in industrial nations and the major cause
of disability. Prevention of stroke can reduce this burden. Sports and physical activity
can influence the modifiable risk factors (hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia,
and obesity) and may play an important role in the primary and secondary prevention
of stroke. There is also a therapeutical benefit in training the disabled limb, improving
the physical fitness and coping with the disease through the integrational function
of sports. Sports is a minor risk factor for stroke. Especially dissection of the
extracranial arteries following neck trauma and sudden rise in blood pressure can
cause stroke.
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Prof. Dr. med. Otto Busse
Neurologische Klinik
Klinikum Minden
Friedrichstraße 17
32427 Minden
Email: Neurologie@Klinikum-minden.de
